The Laboratory of Applied
Optics (LOA) has developed intense femtosecond lasers for many years. LOA has been a pioneer in the use of amplification modules
based on titanium-sapphire crystals. Since about 15 years these lasers have become the standard technology to deliver femtosecond
pulses of high peak intensity.
Thanks to significant developments made by the LOA in the years 80-90, it was possible to produce in 1995 laser pulses reaching 30 fs in duration at an energy level of several joules. It was an important increase in intensity by several orders of magnitude compared to existing lasers. This was also the starting point of entirely new issues at LOA, all related to laser-plasma interaction.
Since the late 90s and early 2000s, laboratory teams were the main authors of remarkable scientific breakthroughs published in journals of the highest impact factor. LOA has played a leading role for activities related to ultrafast science, especially on the production of sources of radiation and particles:
These sources offer unique
properties: ultrashort duration, intensity, energy, compactness. It opens new fields of scientific research in interdisciplinary
areas at both the academic and societal levels or for defense.
As examples: spatial&time observation with high resolution of the matter (structure, atoms, electrons, nuclei with time ultrabref: 10-12 to 10-18 seconds), new techniques of radiotherapy and protontherapy by laser, eye surgery with femtosecond laser, wireless transfer of high current, compact accelerators of energetic particles, electromagnetic vulnerability.
Pump-probe experiments can be done with femtosecond synchronization of particles and radiations simultaneously like a proton beam for the excitation and the probing by a beam of ultrafast X-ray.
The study of plasma for thermonuclear fusion, the creation and characterization of new states of matter, the observation and control of ultrafast transient structures of matter to develop high-temperature supraconductors or tomorrow's drugs, and the possibility to access to high-energy physics using intense lasers are a few examples of applications that LOA teams are pursuing.
The international activity
related to the development and the use of intense femtosecond lasers is extremely active. The number of intense femtosecond laser
instruments set up worldwide is increasing significantly. There are 2 strategies in laser developments: small scale lasers up to
100 TW that can be manage by individual research labs, and larger projects at national or european levels to provide 10-100 times
more powerful (1 PW to 10 PW) systems and their associated experimental sites. The LOA plays a key role in both projects.
The LOA and follows two strategies:
Our goals: